Introduction
Olympic Weightlifting is often a sport in which athletes compete for the total weight of two lifts: the snatch as well as the clean & jerk. Working out methods used in Weightlifting may also be used by Strength & Conditioning coaches as a means of resistance training to get a number of other sports. One of the greatest causes of exploiting various resistance training modalities such is for power development. There are numerous variations on the party theme of power training. A few of these training modalities include plyometrics (Wilson, Elliot & Wood 1990), assisted and resisted training (Faccioni 1993a; 1993b) and speed and acceleration drills (Cinkovich 1992). A popular method accustomed to increase athletic power is Olympic Weightlifting (ie power cleans, push presses, snatches, jump jerks in addition to their variations) conducted inside the weight room (Garhammer, 1993). It is traditionally been viewed as a efficient of manufacturing general explosive ability (Takano 1992; Stone 1993; Garhammer & Gregor 1992). However, there are many important considerations that demand to be addressed when implementing Olympic lifting exercises into the Strength & Conditioning program of your athlete, a few of these include movement competency, training age, sport and training time with athlete. The objective of this short article by Elite Performance Institute (EPI) is to provide a biomechanical and physiological discussion as to the reasons weightlifting exercises are useful to improve athletic performance and exactly how they will be performed in a exercise program. For more details, please visit www.epicertification.com
Power Defined
Power has been understood to be the suitable mixture of speed and strength to produce movement (Chu 1996). Particularly, power represents the ability of the athlete to produce high amounts of work through a certain distance. Greater power a sports athlete possesses the higher the level of work performed (Wilson 1992). Power is often a mixture of strength and speed:
POWER = FORCE (strength) X VELOCITY (speed of movement)
There are numerous physiological and neural adaptations which comprise the strength component (Moritani 1992). Physiological adaptations to strength include an increase in muscular tissues through hypertrophy, ligament density and bone integrity (Tesch 1992a). Neural adaptations (Schmidtbleicher 1992) that can be produced are: (1) increased recruitment of motor units; (2) increased firing rate of motor neurones; (3) synchronised firing of motor neurones; (4) boost in intra-muscular coordination; and (5) boost in inter-muscular coordination.
Speed of movement comprises various interrelated factors (Ackland & Bloomfield 1995). These are generally; (1) muscle fibre type; (2) skill; (3) muscle insertion points; (4) lever length; (5) muscular posture; and (6) elastic energy standby time with the series elastic component.
Olympic Weightling exercises facilitate development of the guts (Strength-Speed and Speed-Strength) with the force-velocity (FV) curve (see above). The FV curve acts a map to Strength & Conditioning Certification based on the sort of strength developed from each exercise, session or phase of coaching inside the program. Because of this, the Strength & Conditioning coach can effectively plan which power they wish to develop and which training modality (powerlifting, Olympic liftining, plyometrics, etc) is better utilised to elicit these adaptations.
Conclusion
Concern still exists for the ef?cacy of including Olympic weightlifting exercises inside the resistance training programs of athletes in sports aside from weightlifting. These concerns generally fall under 3 broad categories: 1) Perceived time necessary to learn the movements because of the complexity with the lifts. 2) An absence of understanding of the opportunity bene?ts that can be produced by performing Olympic lifting exercises correctly. 3) Concern on the prospect of injury caused by these weightlifting movements.
It can be evident there’s a plethora of biomechanical great things about these lifts with limited disadvantages. The biggest risk has been with the perceived danger of these lifts. Based on the evidence presented by Brian Hammill with the British Weightlifting Association (BWLA), it could be stated with con?dence the risk of harm is as low or under most sports so long as there exists quali?ed supervision supplied by certi?ed Strength and Conditioning coach who had been competent in coaching the weightlifting movements.
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