SINCE The second world war, medical science has progressed to some stage where competitive medications are available to treat the identical ailment in several people. This is not just about brands (which is a trade issue) but generic drugs (which is a scientific issue). Within this report, we shall consider the various factors that decide selecting a certain drug.
Safety: The next sub-criteria has to be considered under the criterion of safety:
* Acute therapeutic index: In the event the patient’s condition is acute, how effective can be a particular drug even when it has certain side-effects providing the acuteness with the condition is lowered? Example: narcotic pain-killers are very effective in healing pain but feature the possibility side-effect of addiction.
* Long-term safety: medicine directory may be safe in short-term treatment, but how safe it’s in long-term treatment? Example: antibiotics are acceptable in short-term treatment, but could have undesirable effects in the case of prolonged use.
* Drug-drug interaction risk: Drugs are chemicals, and several chemicals respond to make a different chemical, which has an effect that could harm the patient or aggravate his/her condition. Example: A tricyclic anti-depressant and alcohol interact to make a new condition that warrants separate treatment.
Drug-drug interaction risk is of two kinds:
· Pharmacokinetic: In this kind of drug-drug interaction, two drugs, independent of one another, have certain effects on one or more body processes (e.g., metabolism) that affects the performance with the other. Example: Darvocet-N (propoxyphene and acetaminophen) inhibits the act of a liver enzyme that Lexapro (escitalopram) is dependent upon due to the metabolism. This leads to an increase in the side-effects of Lexapro.
· Pharmacodynamic: Here, a couple of drugs actually generate the same effect on the identical organ, thus enhancing the total, added effect. Example: Lexapro has certain side-effects including drowsiness and fatigue. Darvocet-N also acts similarly on the brain. Thus, the side-effects of both medicine is more serious.
Tolerability: A drug may be effective but not tolerable by all patients. Example: Allergies to certain drugs in most people. Short-term and long-term tolerability should be considered. Efficacy: A drug isn’t equally efficient at all patients. By way of example, some patients with depression or anxiety disorders experience reduced escitalopram, but there are many that do not, who therefore should be prescribed some other anti-depressant. The rate of onset of therapeutic action is a vital the answer to be regarded as too.
Cost: Cost does not necessarily mean the price of purchase of a particular medicine alone. It ought to also cover the price of management of a complication that could arise from utilizing some other drug. Example: In a person who insists on taking alcohol but has to be treated for depression is generally administered an SSRI drug as these drugs don’t potentiate the effects of alcohol, whereas another group of anti-depressants (including tricyclics) can cause a whole new symptom in such patients, which will need a different and expensive treatment. Therefore, it’s preferable to prescribe the more costly escitalopram rather than cheaper tricyclic in these patients.
Simple treatment: The simplest mode of administration is preferred. If there is a selection between a shot and oral administration, the latter is preferred when the efficacy of both modes can be compared. Or, local application is chosen over the oral route where possible; e.g., antibiotic management of eye infections. Dosage and frequency of administration too are a key factor to choose simplicity of treatment.
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