Clients frequently make use of the terms counselling and psychotherapy interchangeably but it may be beneficial to explain a number of the differences backward and forward.
Counselling comes with a sympathetic ear to an individual in distress. Ideally the counsellor listens with full attention without interrupting for corrections, analysis or advice. The therapeutic value of being truly followed should not be underestimated. Deep listening seldom happens in ordinary conversation, where each individual is evaluating the validity products each other has stated or thinking about his or her next response. Knowing that one’s listener doesn’t have any other agenda, will not interrupt, gives the speaker the liberty to express emotions or difficult thoughts in depth, often making unanticipated connections in the process. Counselling won’t necessarily require professional training. A trusted friend may fill the part of counsellor.
Together with listening, a counsellor offers solace. A heart-felt empathic response including “of course” offers the distressed person with all the sort of safety and support which a loving parent provides child. An assurance the distressed person possesses the inner resources to manage the issue available might help to mobilize those strengths. A counsellor can help someone in trouble to acknowledge his or her thinking to be distorted in some way, at odds with objective reality, perhaps exaggerating the negatives while overlooking the positives. Ideally a counsellor may lead the distressed person away from confusion by eliciting tips for coping with situation rather than providing answers.
Counselling can often bring relief for confusion, distress, non-traumatic grief, temporary decrease of self-esteem, or bewilderment when confronted with crisis. Counselling alone cannot heal true mental disturbances like depression, anxiety, traumatic grief, unresolved childhood issues, or not enough self-esteem due to destructive core beliefs. These require psychotherapy.
Psychotherapy also involves carefully listening as a way to comprehend the presenting problem and to detect a good unexpressed issues. A psychotherapist invokes techniques learned during professional training to assist complaintant effect adjustments to their life. There currently exist some fifty different therapeutic techniques, with Adlerian Therapy, Animal-Assisted Therapy, and Art Therapy at one end of the alphabet and Spiritual Therapy, Systems Therapy and Traumatic Incident Reduction in the other. But all have alike the use of specifically-chosen processes to bring about change. Generally speaking, psychotherapy comes about over a prolonged time frame and in most cases relates a client’s current difficulties to life-long, even multi-generational, patterns of behavior. Personality disorders for example schizophrenia, borderline personality disorder, or obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, may require medication as laid out in a psychiatrist beyond the therapeutic intervention which a psychologist or psychotherapist can provide.
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