Many of us must know steel. It’s used by us with your everyday life. But ever wondered the way to produce it? And what will it choose to use produce it? Simply the steel is made in the big factory in fact it is cooked within a giant stove called furnace. And also the cooking itself takes so many ingredients inside it.
The Blast Furnace and Electric Arc Furnace methods are the two major techniques for producing iron and steel products. Scrap melting could be the major process utilizing Electric Arc Furnaces. Recently, industry competition has grown to be increasingly intense, elevating the need for a much more efficient melting process. Capacities of the transformers are becoming larger and electric furnaces are growing larger worldwide. On this manufacturing environment, graphite materials which have durability for larger-power operation are required a lot more for that use as Graphite Electrode (GE).
GE are made of carbon. Carbon is really a nonmetal element by having an atomic quantity of 6 and the atomic symbol “C”. Carbon is the base of organic chemistry, closely associated with organic matter and life activity. Manufacturing excellent graphite electrodes requires quality materials which are strictly selected.
Graphite includes a higher heat transfer rating, resistance to higher temperatures, and possesses more strength against thermal shock than other materials. Moreover, it excels in machinability in order to meet the needs for the broader array of dimensions. Thus, graphite may be the optimum material for scrap-melting electrodes.
GE are often consumed at high temperatures as a result of reaction with oxygen to get CO, CO2. The oxidation of electrodes starts at 500oC and accelerates its speed at 800oC (inside furnace). Use of graphite electrodes by sublimation occurs at 3400o. The velocity of sublimation is proportional for the increase of current density.
Meanwhile, usage of quality GE ends in contributions to saving energy and environmental conservation. Electric arc furnaces, with all the main objective of recycling steel scraps, help promote reuse of steel products.
Production organization of graphite electrodes could be divided as 10 stages the subsequent:
Raw material transporting
Kneading
Extruding
Baking
Pitch Impregnation
Re-Baking
Graphitization
Machining
Inspection
Shipment
The conventional sizes for graphite electrodes are from diameter 10″ (inch) to 30″(inch) and from period of 60″(inch) to 110″(inch). The weights are including 123 Kgs (10″ x 60″) to 2060 Kgs (30″ x 110″).
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